| Peribacillus simplex |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Caryophanales, Family Bacillaceae, Genus Peribacillus, Peribacillus simplex (Priest
et al. 1989 ex Meyer and Gottheil 1901) Patel and Gupta 2020.
Synonym: Bacillus simplex (ex Meyer and Gottheil 1901, ex Priest, Goodfellow and Todd 1989) Heyman et al. 2005.
Two biovars may be recognized: Biovar 1 and Biovar 2, differentiated by some sugars fermentation.
Strains of Bacillus carotarum, Bacillus capri, Bacillus cobayae, Bacillus musculi, Bacillus maroccanus, and Bacillus macroides were
proposed to be reclassified as Bacillus simplex.
et al. 1989 ex Meyer and Gottheil 1901) Patel and Gupta 2020.
Synonym: Bacillus simplex (ex Meyer and Gottheil 1901, ex Priest, Goodfellow and Todd 1989) Heyman et al. 2005.
Two biovars may be recognized: Biovar 1 and Biovar 2, differentiated by some sugars fermentation.
Strains of Bacillus carotarum, Bacillus capri, Bacillus cobayae, Bacillus musculi, Bacillus maroccanus, and Bacillus macroides were
proposed to be reclassified as Bacillus simplex.
Gram-variable rods, 0.7-0.9 µm in diameter. Motile. Centrally, paracentrally or subterminally, ellipsoidal, occasionally spherical
endospores in not obviously swollen sporangia.
endospores in not obviously swollen sporangia.
Colonies are cream, glossy, 3-6 mm in diameter after 2 days, with irregular margins,
slightly raised and umbonate. Grow at pH 7 - 9 and at 20 and 30 ºC but are not able to
grow at 45 ºC. NaCl, allantoin or urate are not required for growth.
slightly raised and umbonate. Grow at pH 7 - 9 and at 20 and 30 ºC but are not able to
grow at 45 ºC. NaCl, allantoin or urate are not required for growth.
Isolated from soil.
Unknown.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A.
Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer, 21-127. - Heyrman J., Logan N.A., Rodriguez-Diaz M., Scheldeman P., Lebbe L., Swings J., Heyndricks M. and DE VOS P., 2005.Study of
mural painting isolates, leading to the transfer of “Bacillus maroccanus” and “Bacillus carotarum” to Bacillus simplex , emended
description of Bacillus simplex, re-examination of the strains previously attributed to “Bacillus macroides” and description of
Bacillus muralis sp.nov. IJSEM 55, 119-131. - Patel S, Gupta RS. A phylogenomic and comparative genomic framework for resolving the polyphyly of the genus Bacillus:
Proposal for six new genera of Bacillus species, Peribacillus gen. nov., Cytobacillus gen. nov., Mesobacillus gen. nov.,
Neobacillus gen. nov., Metabacillus gen. nov. and Alkalihalobacillus gen. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:406-438.
Positive results for hydrolysis of hippurate, catalase, nitrate reduction, hydrolysis of
starch, Voges-Proskauer & hydrolysis of Tween 20. Weak positive reaction for acid
production from: L-arabinose (biovar 2), D-glucose, D-mannitol (biovar 2), D-xylose
(biovar 2), N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, fructose, raffinose (biovar 2), ribose (biovar 2),
sorbitol (biovar 2), sucrose and trehalose.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase beta-galactosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, hydrolysis of urea, egg
yolk reaction, oxidase, indole production, H2S production, acid production from: adonitol, amygdalin, D-arabinose, D-arabitol,
L-arabitol, arbutin, cellobiose (biovar 1), dulcitol, erythritol, D-fucose, L-fucose, galactose, beta-gentibiose, gluconate, glycerol (biovar
1), glycogen, meso-inositol (biovar 1), 2-ketogluconat, 5-ketogluconate, lactose, lyxose, maltose (biovar 1), melezitose, melibiose,
D-mannose, methyl beta-xyloside, rhamnose, sorbose, starch, xylitol, L-xylose and D-xylose (biovar 1).
Variable result for hydrolysis of esculin, hydrolysis of gelatin, hydrolysis of casein, citrate utilization, hydrolysis of Tween 80, acid
production from: L-arabinose (biovar 1), D-mannitol (biovar 1), glycerol (biovar 2), salicin, cellobiose(biovar 2), meso-inositol (biovar
2), maltose (biovar 2), raffinose (biovar 1) and ribose(biovar 1).
starch, Voges-Proskauer & hydrolysis of Tween 20. Weak positive reaction for acid
production from: L-arabinose (biovar 2), D-glucose, D-mannitol (biovar 2), D-xylose
(biovar 2), N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, fructose, raffinose (biovar 2), ribose (biovar 2),
sorbitol (biovar 2), sucrose and trehalose.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase beta-galactosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, hydrolysis of urea, egg
yolk reaction, oxidase, indole production, H2S production, acid production from: adonitol, amygdalin, D-arabinose, D-arabitol,
L-arabitol, arbutin, cellobiose (biovar 1), dulcitol, erythritol, D-fucose, L-fucose, galactose, beta-gentibiose, gluconate, glycerol (biovar
1), glycogen, meso-inositol (biovar 1), 2-ketogluconat, 5-ketogluconate, lactose, lyxose, maltose (biovar 1), melezitose, melibiose,
D-mannose, methyl beta-xyloside, rhamnose, sorbose, starch, xylitol, L-xylose and D-xylose (biovar 1).
Variable result for hydrolysis of esculin, hydrolysis of gelatin, hydrolysis of casein, citrate utilization, hydrolysis of Tween 80, acid
production from: L-arabinose (biovar 1), D-mannitol (biovar 1), glycerol (biovar 2), salicin, cellobiose(biovar 2), meso-inositol (biovar
2), maltose (biovar 2), raffinose (biovar 1) and ribose(biovar 1).
(c) Costin Stoica
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