| Bacillus xiamenensis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Caryophanales, Family Bacillaceae, Genus Bacillus, Bacillus xiamenensis Lai et
al. 2014.
Species description is based on a single isolate.
al. 2014.
Species description is based on a single isolate.
Gram-positive rods,0.6 x 1.4-1.5 µm. Motile by subpolar flagella. Produce central /
paracentral endospores not deforming the cells.
paracentral endospores not deforming the cells.
Colonies on Luria-Bertani agar are round, dull white, non-luminescent, non-pigmented,
with irregular margins, reaching 2-3 mm in diameter after 48 h incubation at 30 ºC.
Grows in 0-12 % NaCl (optimum 1-3%) at 8-45 ºC (optimum 30-37 ºC) and at pH 6-11
(optimum pH 6-8).
with irregular margins, reaching 2-3 mm in diameter after 48 h incubation at 30 ºC.
Grows in 0-12 % NaCl (optimum 1-3%) at 8-45 ºC (optimum 30-37 ºC) and at pH 6-11
(optimum pH 6-8).
Isolated from intestinal tract contents from a marine fish (Mugil cephalus), known commonly as the flathead mullet, captured from the
sea close to Xiamen Island, China.
Sensitive to ampicillin (10 µg/per disk, OXOID), carbenicillin (100), cephalexin (30), cefazolin (30), cefobid (30), cephradine (30),
chloromycetin (30), ciprofloxacin (5), clindamycin (2), co-trimoxazole (25), erythromycin (15), gentamicin (10), kanamycin (30),
lincomycin (2), minomycin (30), norfloxacin (10), ofloxacin (5), oxacillin (1), penicillin G (10 IU), piperacillin (100), rifampicin (5),
rocephin (30), streptomycin (10), tetracycline (30), vancomycin (30) and vibramycin (30); and is resistant to metronidazole (5) and
polymyxin B (30 IU).
sea close to Xiamen Island, China.
Sensitive to ampicillin (10 µg/per disk, OXOID), carbenicillin (100), cephalexin (30), cefazolin (30), cefobid (30), cephradine (30),
chloromycetin (30), ciprofloxacin (5), clindamycin (2), co-trimoxazole (25), erythromycin (15), gentamicin (10), kanamycin (30),
lincomycin (2), minomycin (30), norfloxacin (10), ofloxacin (5), oxacillin (1), penicillin G (10 IU), piperacillin (100), rifampicin (5),
rocephin (30), streptomycin (10), tetracycline (30), vancomycin (30) and vibramycin (30); and is resistant to metronidazole (5) and
polymyxin B (30 IU).
Undetermined.
- Lai Q, Liu Y, Shao Z. Bacillus xiamenensis sp. nov., isolated from intestinal tract contents of a flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus).
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 105:99-107. - Liu Y, Lai Q, Du J, Shao Z. Bacillus zhangzhouensis sp. nov. and Bacillus australimaris sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:
1193-1199.
Positive results for acid and alkaline phosphatase, catalase, alpha-chymotrypsin, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), gelatinase,
beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase (aesculin hydrolysis), leucine aminopeptidase, lipase (C14) (weak), alpha-
mannosidase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphoamidase, oxidase, Voges–Proskauer test, valine aminopeptidase (weak), acid production
(API 50 CH) from: acid from amygdalin, arbutin, L-arabinose, cellobiose, aesculin, D-fructose, gentiobiose, glycerol, D-mannitol, D-
mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, D-ribose, salicin, sucrose and trehalose.
Can assimilate (API 20 NE): D-glucose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, malic acid, N-acetyl-glucosamine, potassium gluconate and
trisodium citrate.
Can utilize (Biolog GN2): acetic acid, adonitol, D,L-lactic acid, D-alanine, D-arabitol, D-cellobiose, D-galactonic acid lactone, D-
galactose, D-glucosaminic acid, D-mannitol, D-raffinose, D-sorbitol, formic acid, gentiobiose, glucose-6-phosphate, glycogen,
inosine, itaconic acid, lactulose, L-arabinose, L-aspartic acid, L-fucose, L-rhamnose, L-serine, methyl pyruvate, N-acetyl-D-
glucosamine, phenylethylamine, thymidine, uridine, urocanic acid, alpha-hydroxy butyric acid, gamma-amino butyric acid and gamma-
hydroxy butyric acid; weakly positive for 2-aminoethanol, D,L-carnitine, D-gluconic acid, D-trehalose, L-alanyl-glycine, L-leucine, L-
ornithine, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-pyroglutamic acid, maltose, tween 40, and alpha-keto butyric acid.
Negative results for amylase (hydrolysis of starch), arginine dihydrolase, cystine aminopeptidase, alpha-fucosidase, alpha-
galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, H2S production, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, nitrate reduction, N-acetyl-beta-
glucosaminidase, ornithine decarboxylase, trypsin, tryptophan deaminase, urease, acid production from: methyl beta-D-xyloside, D-
adonitol, D- and L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- and L-fucose, D-galactose, gluconate, glycogen, inositol, inulin, lactose, D-lyxose,
maltose, melibiose, melezitose, L-rhamnose, raffinose, D-sorbitol, starch, D-tagatose, turanose, L-sorbose, D- and L-xylose, xylitol,
2- and 5-ketogluconate
No utilization of: adipic acid, capric acid, D-maltose, L-arabinose and phenylacetic acid.
Variable results for glucose fermentation.
beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase (aesculin hydrolysis), leucine aminopeptidase, lipase (C14) (weak), alpha-
mannosidase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphoamidase, oxidase, Voges–Proskauer test, valine aminopeptidase (weak), acid production
(API 50 CH) from: acid from amygdalin, arbutin, L-arabinose, cellobiose, aesculin, D-fructose, gentiobiose, glycerol, D-mannitol, D-
mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, D-ribose, salicin, sucrose and trehalose.
Can assimilate (API 20 NE): D-glucose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, malic acid, N-acetyl-glucosamine, potassium gluconate and
trisodium citrate.
Can utilize (Biolog GN2): acetic acid, adonitol, D,L-lactic acid, D-alanine, D-arabitol, D-cellobiose, D-galactonic acid lactone, D-
galactose, D-glucosaminic acid, D-mannitol, D-raffinose, D-sorbitol, formic acid, gentiobiose, glucose-6-phosphate, glycogen,
inosine, itaconic acid, lactulose, L-arabinose, L-aspartic acid, L-fucose, L-rhamnose, L-serine, methyl pyruvate, N-acetyl-D-
glucosamine, phenylethylamine, thymidine, uridine, urocanic acid, alpha-hydroxy butyric acid, gamma-amino butyric acid and gamma-
hydroxy butyric acid; weakly positive for 2-aminoethanol, D,L-carnitine, D-gluconic acid, D-trehalose, L-alanyl-glycine, L-leucine, L-
ornithine, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-pyroglutamic acid, maltose, tween 40, and alpha-keto butyric acid.
Negative results for amylase (hydrolysis of starch), arginine dihydrolase, cystine aminopeptidase, alpha-fucosidase, alpha-
galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, H2S production, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, nitrate reduction, N-acetyl-beta-
glucosaminidase, ornithine decarboxylase, trypsin, tryptophan deaminase, urease, acid production from: methyl beta-D-xyloside, D-
adonitol, D- and L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- and L-fucose, D-galactose, gluconate, glycogen, inositol, inulin, lactose, D-lyxose,
maltose, melibiose, melezitose, L-rhamnose, raffinose, D-sorbitol, starch, D-tagatose, turanose, L-sorbose, D- and L-xylose, xylitol,
2- and 5-ketogluconate
No utilization of: adipic acid, capric acid, D-maltose, L-arabinose and phenylacetic acid.
Variable results for glucose fermentation.
(c) Costin Stoica
| Antibiogram |
| Encyclopedia |
| Culture media |
| Biochemical tests |
| Stainings |
| Images |
| Movies |
| Articles |
| Identification |
| Software |
| R E G N U M PROKARYOTAE |
| Back |