| Paraburkholderia acidipaludis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Burkholderiales, Family Burkholderiaceae, Genus
Paraburkholderia, Paraburkholderia acidipaludis Sawana et al. 2017.
Synonym: Burkholderia acidipaludis Aizawa et al. 2010
Paraburkholderia, Paraburkholderia acidipaludis Sawana et al. 2017.
Synonym: Burkholderia acidipaludis Aizawa et al. 2010
Gram-negative rods, 0.6-0.7 x 1.3-1.7 μm. Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies are smooth, round, convex and pale-yellow with entire margins after 3 days
of cultivation at 32 ºC on 1/10 TS (pH 4.0) agar plates. Strictly aerobic. Good growth at
pH 3.0-8.0 (optimally at pH 4-7) and at temperature 17-37 ºC (optimally at 28-32 ºC).
of cultivation at 32 ºC on 1/10 TS (pH 4.0) agar plates. Strictly aerobic. Good growth at
pH 3.0-8.0 (optimally at pH 4-7) and at temperature 17-37 ºC (optimally at 28-32 ºC).
Isolated from Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) growing in highly acidic swamps (pH 2-4) in actual acid sulfate soil areas of
Vietnam and Thailand.
Resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, oxacillin, cephalothin, cefoperazone, chloramphenicol, erythromycin,
lincomycin, pristinamycin, tylosin, sulfamethizole, nitrofurantoin, fusidic acid, rifampicin and metronidazole.
Susceptible to streptomycin, spectinomycin, kanamycin, apramycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, gentamicin, colistin, co-trimoxazole and
oxolinic acid.
Vietnam and Thailand.
Resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, oxacillin, cephalothin, cefoperazone, chloramphenicol, erythromycin,
lincomycin, pristinamycin, tylosin, sulfamethizole, nitrofurantoin, fusidic acid, rifampicin and metronidazole.
Susceptible to streptomycin, spectinomycin, kanamycin, apramycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, gentamicin, colistin, co-trimoxazole and
oxolinic acid.
Undetermined.
- Aizawa T., Nguyen B.V., Vijarnsorn P., Nakajima M. and Sunairi M.: Burkholderia acidipaludis sp. nov., aluminium-tolerant bacteria
isolated from Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) growing in highly acidic swamps in South-East Asia. Int. J. Syst. Evol.
Microbiol., 2010, 60, 2036-2041. - Sawana, A., Adeolu, M. and Gupta, R.S. 2014. Molecular signatures and phylogenomic analysis of the genus Burkholderia:
proposal for division of this genus into the emended genus Burkholderia containing pathogenic organisms and a new genus
Paraburkholderia gen. nov. harboring environmental species. Front. Genet., 5, 429. - Choi, G. M. and Im, W. T. 2018. Paraburkholderia azotifigens sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from paddy soil. Int. J.
Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 68, 310-316. - Gu, J.-Y., Zang, S.-G., Sheng, X.-F., He, L.-Y., Huang, Z. and Wang, Q. 2015. Burkholderia susongensis sp. nov., a mineral-
weathering bacterium isolated from weathered rock surface. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 65, 1031-1037.
Positive results for acid and alkaline phosphatases, catalase, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), beta-glucosidase, leucine
arylamidase, reduction of nitrate to nitrite (not to gas), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis (weak reaction),
Tweens 20, 40 and 60 hydrolysis, urease, acid production from: D- and L-arabitol, D- and L-arabinose, D-adonitol, cellobiose, D- and
L-fucose, D-fructose, glycerol, D-galactose, D-glucose, inositol, lactose, D-lyxose, D-mannose, D-mannitol, maltose, L-rhamnose,
D-ribose, D-sorbitol, D-tagatose and D-xylose.
Can utilize: Tweens 40 and 80, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, adonitol, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, i-erythritol, D-fructose, L-fucose,
D-galactose, alpha-D-glucose, myo-inositol, D-mannitol, D-mannose, D-psicose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, pyruvic acid methyl ester,
succinic acid monomethyl ester, D-galacturonic acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucosaminic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid,
p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, DL-lactic acid, sebacic acid, succinic acid, bromosuccinic acid, L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid,
L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, hydroxy-L-proline, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-threonine, DL-carnitine, urocanic
acid, phenylethylamine, glycerol, acetate and malate.
Negative results for DNase, gelatin hydrolysis, lipase (C4), trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, alpha- and beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, alpha-glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase, alpha-fucosidase, proteinase, indole
production, acid production from methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside,
amygdalin, arbutin, salicin, melibiose, sucrose, trehalose, inulin, melezitose, raffinose, starch, xylitol, turanose, potassium gluconate
and potassium 5-ketogluconate.
No utilization of alpha-cyclodextrin, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, gentiobiose, lactose, lactulose, maltose, melibiose, methyl
beta-D-glucoside, raffinose, sucrose, turanose, xylitol, cis-aconitic acid, citric acid, D-glucuronic acid, itaconic acid, alpha-ketoglutaric
acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, malonic acid, D-saccharic acid, glucuronamide, glycyl L-aspartic acid, glycyl L-glutamic acid, L-ornithine,
inosine, thymidine, putrescine, 2-aminoethanol, 2,3-butanediol, caprate, 2- and 5-ketogluconate, propionate and valerate.
arylamidase, reduction of nitrate to nitrite (not to gas), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis (weak reaction),
Tweens 20, 40 and 60 hydrolysis, urease, acid production from: D- and L-arabitol, D- and L-arabinose, D-adonitol, cellobiose, D- and
L-fucose, D-fructose, glycerol, D-galactose, D-glucose, inositol, lactose, D-lyxose, D-mannose, D-mannitol, maltose, L-rhamnose,
D-ribose, D-sorbitol, D-tagatose and D-xylose.
Can utilize: Tweens 40 and 80, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, adonitol, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, i-erythritol, D-fructose, L-fucose,
D-galactose, alpha-D-glucose, myo-inositol, D-mannitol, D-mannose, D-psicose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, pyruvic acid methyl ester,
succinic acid monomethyl ester, D-galacturonic acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucosaminic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid,
p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, DL-lactic acid, sebacic acid, succinic acid, bromosuccinic acid, L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid,
L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, hydroxy-L-proline, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-threonine, DL-carnitine, urocanic
acid, phenylethylamine, glycerol, acetate and malate.
Negative results for DNase, gelatin hydrolysis, lipase (C4), trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, alpha- and beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, alpha-glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase, alpha-fucosidase, proteinase, indole
production, acid production from methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside,
amygdalin, arbutin, salicin, melibiose, sucrose, trehalose, inulin, melezitose, raffinose, starch, xylitol, turanose, potassium gluconate
and potassium 5-ketogluconate.
No utilization of alpha-cyclodextrin, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, gentiobiose, lactose, lactulose, maltose, melibiose, methyl
beta-D-glucoside, raffinose, sucrose, turanose, xylitol, cis-aconitic acid, citric acid, D-glucuronic acid, itaconic acid, alpha-ketoglutaric
acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, malonic acid, D-saccharic acid, glucuronamide, glycyl L-aspartic acid, glycyl L-glutamic acid, L-ornithine,
inosine, thymidine, putrescine, 2-aminoethanol, 2,3-butanediol, caprate, 2- and 5-ketogluconate, propionate and valerate.
(c) Costin Stoica
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