| Chromobacterium haemolyticum |
Colonies are grey, round and elevated and may reach 2 mm after 24 h incubation. On
sheep blood agar, colonies are surrounded by a clear haemolytic zone (5 mm).
Violacein is not produced. Grows at 37 ºC. Grows in 2% NaCl. Grows readily on
sheep blood, chocolate, trypticase soy and buffered charcoal yeast extract agars. Poor
growth on MacConkey agar and no growth on Hektoen enteric agar.
sheep blood agar, colonies are surrounded by a clear haemolytic zone (5 mm).
Violacein is not produced. Grows at 37 ºC. Grows in 2% NaCl. Grows readily on
sheep blood, chocolate, trypticase soy and buffered charcoal yeast extract agars. Poor
growth on MacConkey agar and no growth on Hektoen enteric agar.
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Neisseriales, Family Chromobacteriaceae, Genus
Chromobacterium, Chromobacterium haemolyticum Han et al. 2008.
Chromobacterium, Chromobacterium haemolyticum Han et al. 2008.
Gram-negative rods.
The type strain was isolated from a sputum culture from a patient.
Susceptible to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem & trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole.
Resistant to cefepime, ceftriaxone, penicillin, piperacillin+tazobactam & ticarcillin+clavulanate.
Susceptible to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem & trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole.
Resistant to cefepime, ceftriaxone, penicillin, piperacillin+tazobactam & ticarcillin+clavulanate.
Undetermined.
- Han X, Han F, Segal. Chromobacterium haemolyticum sp. nov., a strongly haemolytic species. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008,
58, 1398-1403. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64681-0 - Bajaj A, Kumar A, Yadav S, Kaur G, Bala M, Singh N, Mathan Kumar R, Manickam N, Mayilraj S. 2016. Isolation and
characterization of a novel Gram-negative bacterium Chromobacterium alkanivorans sp. nov., strain IITR-71T degrading
halogenated alkanes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 66(12):5228-5235 doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.001500. - Euzeby (J.P.): List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.,
1997, 47, 590-592. (List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. https://www.bacterio.net).
Description is based mostly on API 20 NE (code 1154555) and Vitek GNI+ results.
Positive results for arginine dihydrolase, catalase (weak reaction), casein hydrolysis, gamma-glutamyl transferase, gelatin
hydrolysis, nitrate reduction to nitrite, oxidase, acid production from: fructose, glucose, mannitol and trehalose.
Can utilize: citrate, glucose, mannitol, N-acetylglucosamine, gluconate, caprate and malate.
Negative results for esculin hydrolysis, alpha-fucosidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, phenyl-galactopyranosidase, H2S production, indole production, methyl red reduction, lysine decarboxylase,
ornithine decarboxylase, starch hydrolysis, urease, Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, cellobiose,
dulcitol, galactose, inulin, lactose, melibiose, maltose, raffinose, rhamnose, salicin, sucrose and xylose.
No utilization of: adipate, arabinose, mannose, maltose and phenylacetate.
Positive results for arginine dihydrolase, catalase (weak reaction), casein hydrolysis, gamma-glutamyl transferase, gelatin
hydrolysis, nitrate reduction to nitrite, oxidase, acid production from: fructose, glucose, mannitol and trehalose.
Can utilize: citrate, glucose, mannitol, N-acetylglucosamine, gluconate, caprate and malate.
Negative results for esculin hydrolysis, alpha-fucosidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, phenyl-galactopyranosidase, H2S production, indole production, methyl red reduction, lysine decarboxylase,
ornithine decarboxylase, starch hydrolysis, urease, Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, cellobiose,
dulcitol, galactose, inulin, lactose, melibiose, maltose, raffinose, rhamnose, salicin, sucrose and xylose.
No utilization of: adipate, arabinose, mannose, maltose and phenylacetate.
(c) Costin Stoica
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