| Clostridium argentinense |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Clostridia, Order Eubacteriales, Family Clostridiaceae, Genus Clostridium, Cluster I
(Clostridium sensu stricto), Clostridium argentinense Suen, Hatheway, Steigerwalt and Brenner 1988.
(Clostridium sensu stricto), Clostridium argentinense Suen, Hatheway, Steigerwalt and Brenner 1988.
Gram-positive, straight to slightly curved rods, 0.5-2.0 x 1.6-9.4 µm. Motile by
peritrichous flagella. Sporulated.
peritrichous flagella. Sporulated.
Produce both small, smooth colonies and large, rough colonies on blood agar.
Beta-hemolytic on rabbit blood agar and weakly to not hemolytic on sheep blood agar.
Optimum growth at 35-37 ºC and pH 7.0.
Major products of metabolism in PYG (peptone-yeast extract-glucose) broth: acetic,
isobutyric, isovaleric, phenylacetic and butyric acids.
Beta-hemolytic on rabbit blood agar and weakly to not hemolytic on sheep blood agar.
Optimum growth at 35-37 ºC and pH 7.0.
Major products of metabolism in PYG (peptone-yeast extract-glucose) broth: acetic,
isobutyric, isovaleric, phenylacetic and butyric acids.
Isolated from soil, amniotic fluid, autopsy specimens, blood and wounds in Argentina, Switzerland, and the USA.
Pathogenicity for laboratory animals is variable. Strains may or may not produce a neuroparalytic toxin that causes botulism in
laboratory animals; toxin is neutralized with type G botulinal antitoxin.
Isolated from autopsy specimens, blood and wounds.
laboratory animals; toxin is neutralized with type G botulinal antitoxin.
Isolated from autopsy specimens, blood and wounds.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Clostridium Prazmowski 1880. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
Springer, 738-828. - Suen J.C., Hatheway C.L., Steigerwalt A.G. and Brenner D.J., 1988. Clostridiurn argentinense sp. nov. : a Genetically
Homogeneous Group Composed of All Strains of Clostridium botulinum Toxin Type G and Some Nontoxigenic Strains Previously
Identified as Clostridium subterminale or Clostridium hastiforme. IJSB 38, 4, 375-381.
H2 is produced in large amounts. Milk reaction and meat digestion are variable.
Positive results for H2 production & hydrolysis of gelatin.
Negative results for catalase, DNase, esculin hydrolysis, indole production, lecithinase, lipase, nitrate reduction, starch hydrolysis,
urease, substrate utilized and/or acid produced from: amygdalin, arabinose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, glycogen, inositol, inulin,
lactose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, sorbose, starch, sucrose,
trehalose & xylose.
Positive results for H2 production & hydrolysis of gelatin.
Negative results for catalase, DNase, esculin hydrolysis, indole production, lecithinase, lipase, nitrate reduction, starch hydrolysis,
urease, substrate utilized and/or acid produced from: amygdalin, arabinose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, glycogen, inositol, inulin,
lactose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, sorbose, starch, sucrose,
trehalose & xylose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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