| Edwardsiella tarda |
Pathogenicity
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacterales, Family Hafniaceae, Genus
Edwardsiella, Edwardsiella tarda Ewing & McWhorter 1965 - type species of the genus.
Old synonyms: "Paracolobactrum anguillimortiferum" Hoshina 1962, Edwardsiella anguillimortifera (Hoshina 1962) Sakazaki and
Tamura 1975.
Grimont et al. (1980) described a new biogroup designated E. tarda biogroup 1,
only biochemically differentiated from E. tarda (see table below).
Edwardsiella, Edwardsiella tarda Ewing & McWhorter 1965 - type species of the genus.
Old synonyms: "Paracolobactrum anguillimortiferum" Hoshina 1962, Edwardsiella anguillimortifera (Hoshina 1962) Sakazaki and
Tamura 1975.
Grimont et al. (1980) described a new biogroup designated E. tarda biogroup 1,
only biochemically differentiated from E. tarda (see table below).
Gram-negative, straight bacilli, 1.0 x 2.0-3.0 μm, usually motile by peritrichous flagella
(nonmotile strains may occur). No capsule production.
(nonmotile strains may occur). No capsule production.
Growth occurs on usual media, producing small colonies (0.5-1.0 mm in diameter)
after 24 h incubation. Optimum temperature, 37 ºC. Facultatively anaerobic.
after 24 h incubation. Optimum temperature, 37 ºC. Facultatively anaerobic.
Isolated from water, aquatic animals and reptiles and found in the intestinal tract of
snakes and seals. They are occasionally isolated from the urine, blood, and feces of
humans (diarrhoea). Usually resistant to colistin but susceptible to most other
antibiotics, including penicillin.
snakes and seals. They are occasionally isolated from the urine, blood, and feces of
humans (diarrhoea). Usually resistant to colistin but susceptible to most other
antibiotics, including penicillin.
May cause gastroenteritis and wound infections in humans. Produces the disease
commonly known as fish gangrene, emphysematous putrefactive disease of catfish
or red disease of eels. Produce hemorrhagic ulcers on the body and fins. Bacteria
has a broad host range and causes diseases in freshwater and marine fish, reptiles,
birds and mammals.
Virulence factors: adhesion and invasion of epithelial cells, anti-phagocyte-mediated
killing, production of haemolysin and other toxins.
commonly known as fish gangrene, emphysematous putrefactive disease of catfish
or red disease of eels. Produce hemorrhagic ulcers on the body and fins. Bacteria
has a broad host range and causes diseases in freshwater and marine fish, reptiles,
birds and mammals.
Virulence factors: adhesion and invasion of epithelial cells, anti-phagocyte-mediated
killing, production of haemolysin and other toxins.
- Don J. Brenner and J.J. Farmer III, 2001. Family I. Enterobacteriaceae. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second
edition, Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp 587-897. - J. G. Holt et al., 1994. Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods. Subgroup 1. Family Enterobacteriaceae. In: Begey’s Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, 9th-edition, Williams & Wilkins, pp175-189. - Farmer et al.: Proposal to conserve the specific epithet tarda over the specific epithet anguillimortiferum in the name of the
organism presently know as Edwardsiella tarda: Request for an Opinion. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1976, 26, 293-294. - De Vos et al.: Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Xth International (IUMS)
Congress of Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology. Minutes of the meetings, 28, 29 and 31 July and 1 August 2002, Paris, France.
Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2005, 55, 525-532. - Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for
Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov.,
Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
2016; 66:5575-5599.
Positive results for catalase, lysine decarboxylase, nitrate reduction, ornithine decarboxylase, acid production from: maltose,
mannose and glucose (usually with gas production).
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, citrate utilization (Simmons), DN-ase, esculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, lipase (Tween 80), malonate utilization, oxidase, L-pyrrolidonyl aminopeptidase, phenylalanine
deaminase,growth in KCN medium, urease (Christensen), Voges-Proskauer, acid production from: adonitol, D-arabitol,
alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, D-cellobiose, dulcitol, inositol, lactose, melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol and D-xylose.
E. piscicida can only be differentiated from E. tarda by degradation of alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, citric acid and L-proline.
mannose and glucose (usually with gas production).
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, citrate utilization (Simmons), DN-ase, esculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, lipase (Tween 80), malonate utilization, oxidase, L-pyrrolidonyl aminopeptidase, phenylalanine
deaminase,growth in KCN medium, urease (Christensen), Voges-Proskauer, acid production from: adonitol, D-arabitol,
alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, D-cellobiose, dulcitol, inositol, lactose, melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol and D-xylose.
E. piscicida can only be differentiated from E. tarda by degradation of alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, citric acid and L-proline.
(c) Costin Stoica
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Legend: + positive 90-100%, - negative 90-100%, [+] positive 75-89%, [-] negative 75-89%, d positive 25-74% of strains
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Differential characters between Edwardsiella species:
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