| Lactobacillus (Paucilactobacillus) vaccinostercus |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Lactobacillales, Family Lactobacillaceae, Genus Lactobacillus, [Group C
lactobacilli (obligately heterofermentative), Lactobacillus reuteri phylogenetic group], Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki and Okada
1983 emend. Dellaglio, Vancanneyt, Endo, Vandamme, Felis, Castioni, Fujimoto, Watanabe and Okada 2006.
Homotypic synonym: Paucilactobacillus vaccinostercus (Kozaki and Okada 1983) Zheng et al. 2020.
Old synonyms: according to Dellaglio et al. 2006, Lactobacillus durianis Leisner et al. 2002 is a later heterotypic synonym of
Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki and Okada 1983.
lactobacilli (obligately heterofermentative), Lactobacillus reuteri phylogenetic group], Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki and Okada
1983 emend. Dellaglio, Vancanneyt, Endo, Vandamme, Felis, Castioni, Fujimoto, Watanabe and Okada 2006.
Homotypic synonym: Paucilactobacillus vaccinostercus (Kozaki and Okada 1983) Zheng et al. 2020.
Old synonyms: according to Dellaglio et al. 2006, Lactobacillus durianis Leisner et al. 2002 is a later heterotypic synonym of
Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki and Okada 1983.
Gram-positive rods (0.9-1.0 x 1.5-2.5 µm) with rounded ends, that occur in pairs,
rarely in single or in short chains (depending on the medium for growth).
Non-spore-forming. Non-motile.
rarely in single or in short chains (depending on the medium for growth).
Non-spore-forming. Non-motile.
Colonies on xylose-YP agar for 48 h at 30 ºC are 2 mm in diameter; CaCO3 is clearly
dissolved on the plate. The liquid culture is highly turbid and the cells precipitate
gradually in xylose-YP broth and glucose-YP broth. Optimum growth temperature is
30 ºC. Can grow at 20-40 ºC; not at 45 ºC. Variable growth at 15 ºC. Range of pH
4.5-7.5. Growth factor requirements: thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, niacin and
biotin are essential.
dissolved on the plate. The liquid culture is highly turbid and the cells precipitate
gradually in xylose-YP broth and glucose-YP broth. Optimum growth temperature is
30 ºC. Can grow at 20-40 ºC; not at 45 ºC. Variable growth at 15 ºC. Range of pH
4.5-7.5. Growth factor requirements: thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, niacin and
biotin are essential.
Isolated from cow dung.
Undetermined.
- Hammes W.P. and Hertel C., 2009. Genus I. Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
Springer, 465-511. - Okada S., Suzuki Y. and Kozaki M., 1979. A new heterofermentative Lactobacillus species with meso-diaminopimelic acid in
peptidoglycan, Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki and Okada sp. nov. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 25, 215-221. - Dellaglio F., Vancanneyt M., Endo A., Vandamme P., Felis G.E., Castioni A., Fujimoto J., Watanabe K. and Okada S., 2006.
Lactobacillus durianis Leisner et al. 2002 is a later heterotypic synonym of Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki and Okada 1983.
IJSEM 56, 1721-1724. - Zheng J, Wittouck S, Salvetti E, Franz MAP et al., 2020. A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel
genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae.
Int J Syst Microbiol. 70, 2782-2858.
Obligately heterofermentative (hexoses are fermented to lactic acid, acetic acid (ethanol), and CO2 via the phosphogluconate pathway;
pentoses are fermented to lactic acid and acetic acid by the related pentose phosphate pathaway).
Positive results for fermentation of: arabinose, D-glucose (acid is produced in more than 4 days; gas is produced under anaerobic
conditions), gluconate (acid and gas are produced), maltose, ribose and xylose.
Negative results for arginine hydrolysis (NH3 from arginine), catalase, gelatin liquefiaction, nitrate reduction, fermentation of:
cellobiose, esculin, glycerol, inulin, lactose, mannitol, mannose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, salicin, sorbitol, starch,
sucrose, trehalose and xylan. Litmus milk is not changed.
Variable and weak results for fructose and galactose fermentation.
pentoses are fermented to lactic acid and acetic acid by the related pentose phosphate pathaway).
Positive results for fermentation of: arabinose, D-glucose (acid is produced in more than 4 days; gas is produced under anaerobic
conditions), gluconate (acid and gas are produced), maltose, ribose and xylose.
Negative results for arginine hydrolysis (NH3 from arginine), catalase, gelatin liquefiaction, nitrate reduction, fermentation of:
cellobiose, esculin, glycerol, inulin, lactose, mannitol, mannose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, salicin, sorbitol, starch,
sucrose, trehalose and xylan. Litmus milk is not changed.
Variable and weak results for fructose and galactose fermentation.
(c) Costin Stoica
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