| Arthrobacter parietis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinomycetota, Class Actinomycetes, Order Micrococcales, Family Micrococcaceae, Genus Arthrobacter, Arthrobacter parietis
Heyrman et al. 2005.
Heyrman et al. 2005.
Gram-positive short rods and cocci, 0.8-1.0 µm, occurring in pairs or clusters.
Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies on Nutrient Agar after 48 h are 1-2 mm in diameter, yellow-orange, round
with entire margins, of low convexity, opaque and smooth. Optimal temperature for
growth is 22-30 ºC. No growth or weak growth at 37 ºC and no growth at 45 ºC. Good
growth after 1 week at 4 ºC. Can grow on medium with 15% NaCl. Growth occurs
at pH 6-9, optimum pH 7-8. Aerobic.
with entire margins, of low convexity, opaque and smooth. Optimal temperature for
growth is 22-30 ºC. No growth or weak growth at 37 ºC and no growth at 45 ºC. Good
growth after 1 week at 4 ºC. Can grow on medium with 15% NaCl. Growth occurs
at pH 6-9, optimum pH 7-8. Aerobic.
Isolated from a biofilm overgrowing a mural painting in the Servilia tomb (Roman necropolis of Carmona, Spain).
Undetermined.
- Heyrman J, Verbeeren J, Schumann P, Swings J, De Vos P. Six novel Arthrobacter species isolated from deteriorated mural
paintings. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005; 55:1457-1464. - Lee JY, Hyun DW, Soo Kim P, Sik Kim H, Shin NR, Yun JH, Jung MJ, Kim MS, Woong Whon T, Bae JW. Arthrobacter echini sp. nov.,
isolated from the gut of a purple sea urchin, Heliocidaris crassispina. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:1887-1893.
Description is based mostly on API Coryne, API ZYM and Biolog GP2 results.
Positive results for acid phosphatase (weak), esterase C4, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase, gelatinase, leucine
arylamidase, nitrate reduction, pyrazinamidase, phosphoamidase (weak), trypsin, and fermentation of glucose.
Can assimilate (Biolog GP2) Tween 40 and 80, cellobiose, D-gluconic acid, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, D-psicose, acetic acid, lactamide,
p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, propionic acid, L-alaninamide, DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate, arbutin, D-ribose, L-pyroglutamic acid,
L-serine, turanose, dextrin, D-fructose, alpha-D-glucose, maltose, maltotriose, D-mannose, sucrose, pyruvic acid and glycerol.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, arginine hydrolysis, chymotrypsin, esterase lipase C8, alpha-fucosidase, indole
production, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, lipase C14, valine arylamidase,
fermentation of ribose, xylose, mannitol and glycogen.
No assimilation of pyruvatic acid methyl ester, adenosine, adenosine-5'-monophosphate, palatinose, uridine, inosine,
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin, glycogen, inulin, mannan, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,
N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosamine, amygdalin, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, L-fucose, D-galacturonic acid, myo-inositol, alpha-lactose,
lactulose, melezitose, melibiose, methyl alpha-D-galactoside, methyl beta-D-galactoside, 3-methyl glucose, methyl
alpha-D-glucoside, methyl beta-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, L-rhamnose, salicin, sedoheptulosan, stachyose,
D-tagatose, xylitol, D-xylose, alpha- and beta-hydroxybutyric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, D-lactic acid methyl ester, D- and L-alanine,
L-asparagine, putrescine, 2,3-butanediol, 2'-deoxyadenosine, thymidine, thymidine-5'-monophosphate, uridine-5'-monophosphate,
alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate and D-glucose-6-phosphate.
Variable results for cystine arylamidase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, urease, and fermentation
of maltose, lactose and sucrose. The type strain is negative for the variable characters.
Positive results for acid phosphatase (weak), esterase C4, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase, gelatinase, leucine
arylamidase, nitrate reduction, pyrazinamidase, phosphoamidase (weak), trypsin, and fermentation of glucose.
Can assimilate (Biolog GP2) Tween 40 and 80, cellobiose, D-gluconic acid, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, D-psicose, acetic acid, lactamide,
p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, propionic acid, L-alaninamide, DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate, arbutin, D-ribose, L-pyroglutamic acid,
L-serine, turanose, dextrin, D-fructose, alpha-D-glucose, maltose, maltotriose, D-mannose, sucrose, pyruvic acid and glycerol.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, arginine hydrolysis, chymotrypsin, esterase lipase C8, alpha-fucosidase, indole
production, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, lipase C14, valine arylamidase,
fermentation of ribose, xylose, mannitol and glycogen.
No assimilation of pyruvatic acid methyl ester, adenosine, adenosine-5'-monophosphate, palatinose, uridine, inosine,
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin, glycogen, inulin, mannan, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,
N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosamine, amygdalin, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, L-fucose, D-galacturonic acid, myo-inositol, alpha-lactose,
lactulose, melezitose, melibiose, methyl alpha-D-galactoside, methyl beta-D-galactoside, 3-methyl glucose, methyl
alpha-D-glucoside, methyl beta-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, L-rhamnose, salicin, sedoheptulosan, stachyose,
D-tagatose, xylitol, D-xylose, alpha- and beta-hydroxybutyric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, D-lactic acid methyl ester, D- and L-alanine,
L-asparagine, putrescine, 2,3-butanediol, 2'-deoxyadenosine, thymidine, thymidine-5'-monophosphate, uridine-5'-monophosphate,
alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate and D-glucose-6-phosphate.
Variable results for cystine arylamidase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, urease, and fermentation
of maltose, lactose and sucrose. The type strain is negative for the variable characters.
(c) Costin Stoica
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