| Arthrobacter tumbae |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinomycetota, Class Actinomycetes, Order Micrococcales, Family Micrococcaceae, Genus Arthrobacter, Arthrobacter
tumbae Heyrman et al. 2005.
tumbae Heyrman et al. 2005.
Gram-positive short rods and cocci, 0.8-1.0 µm, occurring in pairs or clusters.
Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies on Nutrient Agar after 48 h are below 1 mm in diameter, yellow-orange,
round with entire margins, of low convexity, opaque and smooth. Optimal temperature
for growth is 22-30 ºC. Weak growth at 37 ºC and no growth at 52 ºC. Grows after 1
week at 4 ºC. Can grow on medium with 10 % NaCl, but not with 15 % NaCl.
Alkaliphilic; pH range for growth is 7-10, optimum pH 8-9. Aerobic.
round with entire margins, of low convexity, opaque and smooth. Optimal temperature
for growth is 22-30 ºC. Weak growth at 37 ºC and no growth at 52 ºC. Grows after 1
week at 4 ºC. Can grow on medium with 10 % NaCl, but not with 15 % NaCl.
Alkaliphilic; pH range for growth is 7-10, optimum pH 8-9. Aerobic.
Isolated from a biofilm overgrowing a mural painting in the Servilia tomb (Roman necropolis of Carmona, Spain).
Undetermined.
- Heyrman J, Verbeeren J, Schumann P, Swings J, De Vos P. Six novel Arthrobacter species isolated from deteriorated mural
paintings. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005; 55:1457-1464. - Lee JY, Hyun DW, Soo Kim P, Sik Kim H, Shin NR, Yun JH, Jung MJ, Kim MS, Woong Whon T, Bae JW. Arthrobacter echini sp. nov.,
isolated from the gut of a purple sea urchin, Heliocidaris crassispina. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:1887-1893.
Description is based mostly on API Coryne, API ZYM and Biolog GP2 results.
Positive results for catalase, esterase lipase C8 (most strains), gelatinase (most strains), esterase C4, leucine arylamidase,
pyrazinamidase, and phosphoamidase (weak).
Can assimilate (Biolog GP2) Tween 40 and 80, D-gluconic acid, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, D-psicose, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, pyruvatic acid methyl ester, L-alaninamide, adenosine, dextrin, D-fructose, alpha-D-glucose, maltose,
maltotriose, D-mannose, sucrose, pyruvic acid and glycerol.
Negative results for arginine hydrolysis, indole production, alpha-fucosidase, alpha-galactosidase (most strains),
N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, lipase C14, cystine arylamidase, oxidase, valine arylamidase (most strains), fermentation of ribose,
xylose, mannitol and glycogen.
No assimilation of acetic acid, lactamide, propionic acid, adenosine-5,-monophosphate, palatinose, uridine, inosine,
DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate, abutin, D-ribose, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-serine, turanose, cellobiose, alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin,
glycogen, inulin, mannan, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosamine, amygdalin, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, L-fucose,
D-galacturonic acid, myo-inositol, alpha-lactose, lactulose, melezitose, melibiose, methyl alpha-D-galactoside, methyl
beta-D-galactoside, 3-methyl glucose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, methyl beta-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, L-rhamnose,
salicin, sedoheptulosan, stachyose, D-tagatose, xylitol, D-xylose, alpha- and beta-hydroxybutyric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, D-lactic
acid methyl ester, D- and L-alanine, L-asparagine, putrescine, 2,3-butanediol, 2'-deoxyadenosine, thymidine,
thymidine-5'-monophosphate, uridine-5'-monophosphate, alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate and D-glucose-6-phosphate.
Variable results for acid and alkaline phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, esculin (beta-glucosidase), beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, nitrate reduction, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, urease, fermentation of
glucose, maltose, lactose and sucrose.
Positive results for catalase, esterase lipase C8 (most strains), gelatinase (most strains), esterase C4, leucine arylamidase,
pyrazinamidase, and phosphoamidase (weak).
Can assimilate (Biolog GP2) Tween 40 and 80, D-gluconic acid, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, D-psicose, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, pyruvatic acid methyl ester, L-alaninamide, adenosine, dextrin, D-fructose, alpha-D-glucose, maltose,
maltotriose, D-mannose, sucrose, pyruvic acid and glycerol.
Negative results for arginine hydrolysis, indole production, alpha-fucosidase, alpha-galactosidase (most strains),
N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, lipase C14, cystine arylamidase, oxidase, valine arylamidase (most strains), fermentation of ribose,
xylose, mannitol and glycogen.
No assimilation of acetic acid, lactamide, propionic acid, adenosine-5,-monophosphate, palatinose, uridine, inosine,
DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate, abutin, D-ribose, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-serine, turanose, cellobiose, alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin,
glycogen, inulin, mannan, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosamine, amygdalin, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, L-fucose,
D-galacturonic acid, myo-inositol, alpha-lactose, lactulose, melezitose, melibiose, methyl alpha-D-galactoside, methyl
beta-D-galactoside, 3-methyl glucose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, methyl beta-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, L-rhamnose,
salicin, sedoheptulosan, stachyose, D-tagatose, xylitol, D-xylose, alpha- and beta-hydroxybutyric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, D-lactic
acid methyl ester, D- and L-alanine, L-asparagine, putrescine, 2,3-butanediol, 2'-deoxyadenosine, thymidine,
thymidine-5'-monophosphate, uridine-5'-monophosphate, alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate and D-glucose-6-phosphate.
Variable results for acid and alkaline phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, esculin (beta-glucosidase), beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, nitrate reduction, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, urease, fermentation of
glucose, maltose, lactose and sucrose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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