| Kocuria himachalensis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinomycetota, Class Actinomycetes, Order Micrococcales, Family Micrococcaceae, Genus Kocuria, Kocuria himachalensis
Mayilraj et al. 2006.
Species description is based on a single isolate.
Mayilraj et al. 2006.
Species description is based on a single isolate.
Gram-positive cocci, 1.0-1.5 μm in diameter, occuring in pairs, tetrads and clusters.
Endospores are not formed. Nonmotile. Nonencapsulated.
Endospores are not formed. Nonmotile. Nonencapsulated.
Colonies are circular, orange or pink colored, 0.4-3 mm in diameter on TSA agar.
Growth occurs at 20-30 ºC (optimal temperature 28 ºC) and pH up to 10 (optimal pH
7.5). No growth occurs at 5 ºC and 42 ºC. Grows in the presence of 5% NaCl, but not
in 8% NaCl or higher. Obligately aerobic.
Growth occurs at 20-30 ºC (optimal temperature 28 ºC) and pH up to 10 (optimal pH
7.5). No growth occurs at 5 ºC and 42 ºC. Grows in the presence of 5% NaCl, but not
in 8% NaCl or higher. Obligately aerobic.
Isolated from a soil sample collected from Lahaul–Spiti Valley in the Indian Himalayas.
Undetermined.
- Hans-Jurgen Busse, 2012. Family I. Micrococcaceae Pribham 1929, 361 AL emend. Stackebrandt, Rainey and Ward-Rainey 1997,
479 in: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, Volume Five The Actinobacteria, Part A, Springer, 571-666. - Maylraj S., Kroppenstedt R.M., Suresh K. and Saini H.S.: Kocuria himachalensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from the
Indian Himalayas. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 1971-1975.
Positive results for catalase, Tween 80 hydrolysis, acid production from glucose, fructose, maltose (contradictory results), mannitol,
rhamnose and trehalose.
Can utilize as sole carbon source D-maltose, D-melibiose, L-arabinose, L-alanine, D-cellobiose, D-mannitol, pyruvate, inulin, and
D-raffinose.
Can utilize in Biolog GP test: L-arabinose, dextrin, D-fructose, alpha-D-glucose, maltotriose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, palatinose,
D-psicose, pyruvic acid, D-ribose, salicin, D-sorbitol, sucrose, D-tagatose, turanose, D-xylose, acetic acid and adenosine.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, H2S production, indole production, methyl red test, nitrate reduction, oxidase,
starch hydrolysis, urease, Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from adonitol, arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, galactose, lactose,
myo-inositol, inulin, melibiose, salicin, sorbitol, sucrose and xylose (contradictory results).
No utilization of citrate, adonitol, meso-inositol and lactose.
No utilization in Biolog GP test: alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, Tween 40, D-cellobiose, D-galacturonic acid, alpha-D-Lactose,
lactulose, methyl-D-glucose, D-trehalose, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, L-malic acid, propionic acid, L-alanyl
glycine, L-asparagine, L-serine, 2,3-butanediol, thymidine, glycogen, inulin, mannan, Tween 80, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,
N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosamine, amygdalin, arabitol, arbutin, L-fucose, D-galactose, gentiobiose, D-gluconic acid, myo-inositol,
maltose, D-melezitose, D-melibiose, methyl alpha-D-galactoside, methyl beta-D-galactoside, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, methyl
beta-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, D-raffinose, L-rhamnose, sedoheptulosan, stachyose, xylitol, p-hydroxyphenylacetic
acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, lactamide, D-lactic acid methyl ester, L-lactic acid, D-malic acid, pyruvic acid methyl
ester, succinic acid monomethyl ester, succinamic acid, succinic acid, N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid, L-alaninamide, D- and L-alanine,
L-glutamic acid, glycyl L-glutamic acid, L-pyroglutamic acid, putrescine, glycerol, 29-deoxyadenosine, inosine, uridine, adenosine
59-monophosphate, thymidine 59-monophosphate, uridine 59-monophosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate, alpha-D-glucose
1-phosphate, D-glucose 6-phosphate and DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate.
rhamnose and trehalose.
Can utilize as sole carbon source D-maltose, D-melibiose, L-arabinose, L-alanine, D-cellobiose, D-mannitol, pyruvate, inulin, and
D-raffinose.
Can utilize in Biolog GP test: L-arabinose, dextrin, D-fructose, alpha-D-glucose, maltotriose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, palatinose,
D-psicose, pyruvic acid, D-ribose, salicin, D-sorbitol, sucrose, D-tagatose, turanose, D-xylose, acetic acid and adenosine.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, H2S production, indole production, methyl red test, nitrate reduction, oxidase,
starch hydrolysis, urease, Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from adonitol, arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, galactose, lactose,
myo-inositol, inulin, melibiose, salicin, sorbitol, sucrose and xylose (contradictory results).
No utilization of citrate, adonitol, meso-inositol and lactose.
No utilization in Biolog GP test: alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, Tween 40, D-cellobiose, D-galacturonic acid, alpha-D-Lactose,
lactulose, methyl-D-glucose, D-trehalose, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, L-malic acid, propionic acid, L-alanyl
glycine, L-asparagine, L-serine, 2,3-butanediol, thymidine, glycogen, inulin, mannan, Tween 80, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,
N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosamine, amygdalin, arabitol, arbutin, L-fucose, D-galactose, gentiobiose, D-gluconic acid, myo-inositol,
maltose, D-melezitose, D-melibiose, methyl alpha-D-galactoside, methyl beta-D-galactoside, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, methyl
beta-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, D-raffinose, L-rhamnose, sedoheptulosan, stachyose, xylitol, p-hydroxyphenylacetic
acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, lactamide, D-lactic acid methyl ester, L-lactic acid, D-malic acid, pyruvic acid methyl
ester, succinic acid monomethyl ester, succinamic acid, succinic acid, N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid, L-alaninamide, D- and L-alanine,
L-glutamic acid, glycyl L-glutamic acid, L-pyroglutamic acid, putrescine, glycerol, 29-deoxyadenosine, inosine, uridine, adenosine
59-monophosphate, thymidine 59-monophosphate, uridine 59-monophosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate, alpha-D-glucose
1-phosphate, D-glucose 6-phosphate and DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate.
(c) Costin Stoica
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