| Azotobacter vinelandii |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Pseudomonadales, Family Pseudomonadaceae,
Genus Azotobacter, Azotobacter vinelandii Lipman 1903.
Genus Azotobacter, Azotobacter vinelandii Lipman 1903.
Gram-negative, blunt rod to ellipsoid form, 1.6-2.5 x 3.0-5.0 µm. Highly motile by
peritrichous flagella. A few strains are nonmotile. Ammonium-grown cells are more
coccoid in stationary phase. Cysts are formed in old cultures or after addition of
butanol. Produces poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate.
peritrichous flagella. A few strains are nonmotile. Ammonium-grown cells are more
coccoid in stationary phase. Cysts are formed in old cultures or after addition of
butanol. Produces poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate.
Colonies are opaque and convex, and, for most strains, are mucoid, glistening, and
smooth. Grows at 14 and 37 ºC, but does not occur at 9 ºC. A yellow-green fluorescent
pigment is produced, especially under conditions of Fe limitation. Aerobic.
smooth. Grows at 14 and 37 ºC, but does not occur at 9 ºC. A yellow-green fluorescent
pigment is produced, especially under conditions of Fe limitation. Aerobic.
Isolated from soil in Vineland, New Jersey, USA.
Undetermined.
- George M. Garrity, Julia A. Bell & Timothy Lilburn: Order IX Pseudomonadales Orla-Jensen 1921 In: Bergey’s Manual of
Systematic Bacteriology, Second edition,Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), 2005, pp. 323-442. - John G. Holt, Noel R. Krieg, Petere H.A. Sneath, James T. Staley, Stanley T. Williams, 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative
Bacteriology, Ninth edition. Genus Azotobacter, 77.
Positive results for catalase, peroxidase, gelatinase, oxidase, and urease.
Can utilize fructose, glucose, acetate, pyruvate, fumarate, malate, succinate, alpha-oxoglutarate, lactate, DL-gluconate, acetyl
methylcarbinol, glutarate, glycolate, glycerol, mannitol, phenol, rhamnose, caproate, caprylate, meso-inositol, malonate, 1-propanol,
1-butanol, sucrose, propionate, beta-phenylpropionate, n-butyrate, glutarate, benzoate, melibiose, maltose, and sorbitol.
Negative results for nitrate reduction to nitrites, starch hydrolysis, acid production from glucose.
No utilization of arabinose, D-gucuronate, D-galacturonate, lactose, mannose, xylose, ribose, fucose, and trehalose.
Variable results for H2S production, utilization of DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate, and raffinose.
Can utilize fructose, glucose, acetate, pyruvate, fumarate, malate, succinate, alpha-oxoglutarate, lactate, DL-gluconate, acetyl
methylcarbinol, glutarate, glycolate, glycerol, mannitol, phenol, rhamnose, caproate, caprylate, meso-inositol, malonate, 1-propanol,
1-butanol, sucrose, propionate, beta-phenylpropionate, n-butyrate, glutarate, benzoate, melibiose, maltose, and sorbitol.
Negative results for nitrate reduction to nitrites, starch hydrolysis, acid production from glucose.
No utilization of arabinose, D-gucuronate, D-galacturonate, lactose, mannose, xylose, ribose, fucose, and trehalose.
Variable results for H2S production, utilization of DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate, and raffinose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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