| Staphylococcus schleiferi |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Bacillales, Family Staphylococcaceae, Genus Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus
schleiferi Freney et al. 1988, two subspecies:
- Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. coagulans Igimi et al. 1990
- Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. schleiferi Freney et al. 1988.
schleiferi Freney et al. 1988, two subspecies:
- Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. coagulans Igimi et al. 1990
- Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. schleiferi Freney et al. 1988.
Gram-positive cocci, 0.8-1.2 μm diameter, nonmotile, nonsporing.
Colonies are circular, S-type, opaque, nonpigmented. Facultatively anaerobic.
Optimum growth temperature 35-37 ºC. Growth media: Trypticase Soy Yeast extract
Agar ± 5% sheep blood, P agar, Trypticase Soy Yeast extract Broth.
Subsp. schleiferi tolerates10% NaCl; growth on 15% NaCl delayed. Temperature
range for growth 20–45 ºC. Weakly hemolytic.
Subsp. coagulans is hemolytic; produces beta-hemolysin.
Optimum growth temperature 35-37 ºC. Growth media: Trypticase Soy Yeast extract
Agar ± 5% sheep blood, P agar, Trypticase Soy Yeast extract Broth.
Subsp. schleiferi tolerates10% NaCl; growth on 15% NaCl delayed. Temperature
range for growth 20–45 ºC. Weakly hemolytic.
Subsp. coagulans is hemolytic; produces beta-hemolysin.
Isolated from human & animal (dogs) clinical samples - skin & ears. Novobiocin sensible (both subspecies).
Subsp. schleiferi: endocarditis in humans, nosocomial infections.
Subsp. coagulans: external otitis in dogs, pyoderma (also isolated from skin of healthy animals).
Subsp. coagulans: external otitis in dogs, pyoderma (also isolated from skin of healthy animals).
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T., Wiliams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth Edition,
Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. Group 17, Gram-Positive Cocci, 527-558. - Igimi S., Takahashi E. & Mitsouka T.: Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. coagulans subsp. nov., isolated from the external auditory
meatus of dogs with external ear otitis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1990, 40, 409-411. - Freney J., Brun Y., Bes M., Meugnier H., Grimont F., Grimont P.A.D., Nervi C. & Fleurette J.: Staphylococcus lugdunensis sp. nov.
and Staphylococcus schleiferi sp. nov., two species from human clinical specimens. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1988, 38, 168-172. - Bes M., Guerin-Faublee V., Freney J. et Etienne J. : Isolation of Staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies coagulans from two cases of
canine pyoderma. Vet. Rec., 2002, 150, 487-488. - Peacock S. J., Lina G., Etienne J., & Foster T. J.: Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. schleiferi Expresses a Fibronectin-Binding
Protein. Infection and Immunity, August 1999, p. 4272-4275, Vol. 67, No. 8. - Karl-Heinz Schleifer and Julia A. Bell, 2009. Family VIII. Staphylococcaceae fam. nov.. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R.
Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The
Firmicutes, Springer, 392-426.
Subsp. schleiferi
Positive results for arginine dihydrolase, alkaline phosphatase, heat-stable nuclease, catalase, clumping factor, nitrate reduction,
acetoin production, acid production from: D-glucose, glycerol and D-mannose.
Negative results for oxidase, coagulase, staphylokinase, ornithine decarboxylase, urease, acid production from L-arabinose,
D-cellobiose, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, lactose, maltose, D-mannitol, D-melibiose, D-raffinose, ribose, sucrose, turanose,
xylitol and D-xylose.
Variable results for trehalose acidification.
Subsp. coagulans
Positive results for arginine hydrolysis, coagulase, heat-stable, nuclease, nitrate reduction, phosphatase, urease, acetoin production,
acid production from: fructose, galactose, glucose, glycerol, mannose and ribose.
Negative results for clumping factor, hyaluronidase, oxidase, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, erythritol,
glycogen, inositol, maltose, melibiose, melezitose, raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol, trehalose, xylitol and xylose.
Variable results for acid production from: lactose, mannitol and sucrose.
Positive results for arginine dihydrolase, alkaline phosphatase, heat-stable nuclease, catalase, clumping factor, nitrate reduction,
acetoin production, acid production from: D-glucose, glycerol and D-mannose.
Negative results for oxidase, coagulase, staphylokinase, ornithine decarboxylase, urease, acid production from L-arabinose,
D-cellobiose, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, lactose, maltose, D-mannitol, D-melibiose, D-raffinose, ribose, sucrose, turanose,
xylitol and D-xylose.
Variable results for trehalose acidification.
Subsp. coagulans
Positive results for arginine hydrolysis, coagulase, heat-stable, nuclease, nitrate reduction, phosphatase, urease, acetoin production,
acid production from: fructose, galactose, glucose, glycerol, mannose and ribose.
Negative results for clumping factor, hyaluronidase, oxidase, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, erythritol,
glycogen, inositol, maltose, melibiose, melezitose, raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol, trehalose, xylitol and xylose.
Variable results for acid production from: lactose, mannitol and sucrose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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